Pa Ogasiti 24, Japan idatsegula kutulutsa madzi oyipa omwe adayipitsidwa ndi ngozi yanyukiliya ya Fukushima mu Pacific Ocean. Pakadali pano, kutengera zomwe anthu ambiri a TEPCO adachita mu June 2023, zimbudzi zomwe zakonzedwa kuti zizitulutsa makamaka zimakhala ndi: ntchito ya H-3 ndi pafupifupi 1.4 x10⁵Bq / L; ntchito ya C-14 ndi 14 Bq / L; I-129 ndi 2 Bq / L; ntchito ya Co-60, Sr-90, Y-90, Tc-99, Sb-125, Te-125m ndi Cs-137 ndi 0.1-1 Bq / L. Pankhani imeneyi, timaganizira osati pa tritium mu madzi zinyalala za nyukiliya, komanso kuopsa kuthekera kwa radionuclides ena. TepCO idangowulula zonse za α ndi β zonse zomwe zimachitika m'madzi oipitsidwa, ndipo sanaulule kuchuluka kwa ma nuclides oopsa kwambiri a ultra-uranium monga Np-237, Pu-239, Pu-240, Am-240, Am-241, Am-243 ndi Cm-242, yomwe ilinso pachiwopsezo chachikulu chachitetezo chamadzi a nyukiliya. nyanja.
Kuipitsa chilengedwe ndi kuipitsidwa kobisika, komwe kumapangidwa kumakhala ndi zotsatira zoyipa kwa anthu ozungulira. Kuonjezera apo, ngati tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kapena zopatsirana zozungulira gwero la radioactive zaipitsidwa ndi radionuclide, zimatha kufalikira kuchokera kumtunda wochepa kupita kumtunda wapamwamba kudzera muzitsulo za chakudya ndikulemeretsedwa mosalekeza mu njira yopatsirana. Zinthu zowononga ma radioactive zimenezi zikalowa m’thupi la munthu kudzera m’zakudya, zimatha kudziunjikira m’thupi la munthu, zomwe zingakhudze thanzi la munthu.
Pofuna kuchepetsa kapena kupewa kuvulazidwa kwa ma radiation kwa anthu komanso kuteteza thanzi la anthu mpaka kufika pamlingo waukulu, "International Basic Basic Standards for Radiation Protection and Radiation Source Safety" imati akuluakulu omwe ali ndi mphamvu amapanga mlingo wa ma radionuclides muzakudya.
Ku China, miyezo yoyenera yapangidwa kuti izindikire ma radionuclids angapo wamba. Miyezo yodziwira zinthu za radioactive muzakudya ndi monga GB 14883.1 ~ 10- -2016 "National Standard for Food Safety: Kutsimikiza kwa zinthu zotulutsa ma radio mu Chakudya" ndi GB 8538- -
2022 "National Standard for Food Safety Drinking Natural Mineral Water", GB / T 5750.13- -2006 "Radioactive Index for Standard Inspection Njira za Madzi Akumwa", SN / T 4889- -2017 "Kutsimikiza kwa γ Radionuclide mu Export High-salt Food", W4S-Mestances 23 Sub-Measurement of T20 Food-241", etc
Njira zodziwira ma radionuclide ndi zida zoyezera muzakudya zomwe zimapezeka pamiyezo ndi izi:
| Unikani ntchitoyo | zida zowunikira | Zida zina zapadera | muyezo |
| α, β ntchito yayikulu | Pansi pa α, β counter | GB / T5750.13- -2006 Radioactive Index of Standard Test Njira za Madzi apakhomo ndi Kumwa | |
| tritium | Low-background liquid scintillation counter | Chipangizo chokonzekera chitsanzo cha Organotritium-carbon; Triitium ndende kusonkhanitsa chipangizo m'madzi; | GB14883.2-2016 Kutsimikiza kwa Radioactive Material Hydrogen-3 mu Chakudya, National Standard for Food Safety |
| Strontium-89 ndi strontium-90 | Pansi pa α, β counter | GB14883.3-2016 Kutsimikiza kwa Strr-89 ndi Strr-90 mu National Standard for Food Safety | |
| Adventitiya-147 | Pansi pa α, β counter | GB14883.4-2016 Kutsimikiza kwa Zinthu Zotulutsa Ma radio mu Chakudya-147, National Standard for Food Safety | |
| Polonium-210 | α spectrometer | Zida zamagetsi | GB 14883.5-2016 Kutsimikiza kwa Polonium-210 mu National Standard for Food Safety |
| Rum-226 ndi radium-228 | Radon Thorium Analyzer | GB 14883.6-2016 National Food Safety Standards | |
| Natural thorium ndi uranium | Spectrophotometer, kufufuza uranium analyzer | GB 14883.7-2016 Kutsimikiza kwa Natural Thorium ndi Uranium ngati Zida Zopangira Ma radiation mu National Standard for Food Safety | |
| Plutonium-239, plutonium-24 | α spectrometer | Zida zamagetsi | GB 14883.8-2016 Kutsimikiza kwa plutonium-239 ndi plutonium-240 radioactive zinthu mu National Standard for Food Safety |
| Iodine-131 | High purity germanium γ spectrometer | GB 14883.9-2016 Kutsimikiza kwa ayodini-131 mu Chakudya, National Standard for Food Safety |
malingaliro azinthu
zida zoyezera
Kauntala ya αβ yapansipansi
Mtundu: makina a kernel
Nambala yachitsanzo: RJ 41-4F
Mbiri yamalonda:
Chida choyezera chamtundu wa α, β chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pazitsanzo za chilengedwe, chitetezo cha radiation, mankhwala ndi thanzi, sayansi yaulimi, kuyang'anira katundu ndi kutumiza kunja, kufufuza kwa geological, magetsi a nyukiliya ndi madera ena m'madzi, zitsanzo zamoyo, aerosol, chakudya, mankhwala, nthaka, thanthwe ndi zofalitsa zina mu chiwerengero cha α okwana β muyeso.
Chotchinga chotchinga cham'chipinda choyezera chimatsimikizira maziko otsika kwambiri, kuzindikira kwakukulu kwa zitsanzo zotsika zama radioactive, ndipo ma 2,4,6,8,10 amatha kusinthidwa.
High-purity germanium γ mphamvu spectrometer
Mtundu: makina a kernel
Nambala yachitsanzo: RJ46
Mbiri yamalonda:
RJ 46 digito high purity germanium low background spectrometer imaphatikizapo spectrometer yatsopano ya high purity germanium low background spectrometer. The spectrometer ntchito tinthu chochitika chowerengera mode kuti apeze mphamvu (amplitude) ndi nthawi zambiri linanena bungwe chizindikiro cha HPGe detector ndi kusunga.
α spectrometer
Mtundu: makina a kernel
Nambala yachitsanzo: RJ49
Mbiri yamalonda:
Ukadaulo wa kuyeza kwa ma alpha mphamvu ndi zida zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakuwunika zachilengedwe ndi thanzi (monga kuyeza kwa thorium aerosol, kuyang'anira chakudya, thanzi la anthu, ndi zina zambiri), kufufuza kwazinthu (mafuta a urani, mafuta, gasi, ndi zina) ndi kufufuza kapangidwe ka geological (monga chuma cha pansi pa nthaka, pansi pa nthaka) ndi madera ena.
RJ 494-channel Alpha spectrometer ndi PIPS semiconductor chida chopangidwa paokha ndi Shanghai Renji Instrument Co., Ltd. The spectrometer ili ndi njira zinayi za α, iliyonse yomwe ingayesedwe panthawi imodzi, yomwe ingafupikitse kwambiri mtengo wa nthawi yoyesera ndikupeza mwamsanga zotsatira zoyesera.
Low-background liquid scintillation counter
Mtundu: HIDEX
Nambala yachitsanzo: 300SL-L
Mbiri yamalonda:
Liquid scintillation counter ndi mtundu wa zida zomvera kwambiri zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeza molondola ma radioactive α ndi β nuclides mu zamadzimadzi, monga radioactive tritium, carbon-14, ayodini-129, strontium-90, ruthenium-106 ndi ma nuclides ena.
Madzi a radium analyzer
Mtundu: PYLON
Chitsanzo: AB7
Mbiri yamalonda:
Pylon AB7 Portable Radiological Monitor ndiye m'badwo wotsatira wa zida za labotale zomwe zimapereka muyeso wachangu komanso wolondola wazomwe zili mu radon.
Zida zina zapadera
Triitium ndende kusonkhanitsa chipangizo m'madzi
Mtundu: Yi Xing
Nambala yachitsanzo: ECTW-1
Mbiri yamalonda:
Kuchuluka kwa tritium m'madzi a m'nyanja ndikocheperako, ngakhale zida zabwino kwambiri zodziwira sizingayesedwe, chifukwa chake, zitsanzo zokhala ndi maziko otsika zimafunikira kusamalidwa, ndiko kuti, njira yolumikizira ma electrolysis.The ECTW-1 tritium electrolytic chosonkhanitsa opangidwa ndi kampani yathu makamaka ntchito electrolytic ndende ya tritium m'madzi otsika, amene akhoza kuika zitsanzo tritium m'munsimu malire kudziwika kwa madzi kung'anima kauntala mpaka angayesedwe molondola.
Chipangizo chokonzekera chitsanzo cha Organotritium-carbon
Mtundu: Yi Xing
Nambala yachitsanzo: OTCS11/3
Mbiri yamalonda:
OTCS11 / 3 Organic tritium mpweya zitsanzo chipangizo amagwiritsa ntchito mfundo ya zitsanzo organic pansi pa kutentha makutidwe ndi okosijeni kuyaka mu kutentha kwambiri aerobic chilengedwe kupanga madzi ndi mpweya woipa, kuzindikira kupanga tritium ndi mpweya-14 mu zitsanzo kwachilengedwenso, yabwino mankhwala wotsatira, madzi scintillation kauntala kuyeza ntchito ya tritium ndi carbon-14.
Zida zamagetsi
Mtundu: Yi Xing
Nambala ya Model: RWD-02
Mbiri yamalonda:
RWD-02 ndi 1 spectrometer yopangidwa ndi Shanghai Yixing Electromechanical Equipment Co., Ltd. Idapangidwa kuti ikonzekere zitsanzo za α zowunikira ma sipekitiramu amphamvu, ndipo ndi yoyenera pamankhwala a nyukiliya ndi kafukufuku wa radioisotope ndi gawo logwiritsa ntchito.
α spectrometer ndi chimodzi mwa zida zofunika za labotale yowunikira ma radiation ndipo imatha kusanthula ma nuclide ndi kuwonongeka kwa α. Ngati kuli kofunika kupeza zotsatira zowunikira zolondola, sitepe yofunika kwambiri ndiyo kupanga zitsanzo. RWD-02 electrodeposition er ndi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, yomwe imathandizira kwambiri kupanga zitsanzo, kupanga zitsanzo ziwiri nthawi imodzi ndikuwongolera bwino kwa kukonzekera kwachitsanzo.
Nthawi yotumiza: Oct-31-2023